Ian Explains: Why is global debt so high?

Ian Explains: Why is global debt so high? | GZERO World with Ian Bremmer

As of 2023, global debt as ballooned to an eye-watering $300 trillion. That’s an average of $37,500 for every person on the planet.

Why is global debt so high? Decades of low interest rates and cheap good made money easy to borrow. Then, along came a pandemic which stalled growth and a war in Ukraine that drove food and energy prices through the roof.

While these crises impacted just about every nation on Earth, they didn’t react in the same way. The US and the European Union pumped trillions of pandemic stimulus money into their economies to keep them afloat, but poorer nations kept borrowing money they couldn’t afford to pay back. Now, an estimated 60% of those countries are facing debt distress and rising inflation means paying down those bills is more expensive.

Can the world do anything about the impending debt crisis before it’s too late?

On GZERO World, Ian explains what the debt problem means for the global financial system and whether it needs to be transformed to confront the economic realities of the developing world.

More from GZERO Media

- YouTube

How do we ensure AI is trustworthy in an era of rapid technological change? Baroness Joanna Shields, Executive Chair of the Responsible AI Future Foundation, says it starts with principles of responsible AI and a commitment to ethical development.

October 21, 2025: The owner of this cattle feedlot in Sergeant Bluff, Iowa, USA, used to fly a Trump/Vance flag. The Trump/Vance flag is no longer flying at the feedlot.

Jerry Mennenga/ZUMA Press Wire

These days, US farmers aren’t just worried about the weather jeopardizing their harvests. They’re keeping a close eye on geopolitical storms as well.

The United States is #winning. But while the short-term picture looks strong, the United States is systematically trading long-term strategic advantages for more immediate tactical gains, with the accumulating costs hiding in plain sight.

- YouTube

Who really shapes and influences the development of AI? The creators or the users? Peng Xiao, Group CEO, G42 argues it’s both. “I actually do not subscribe that the creators have so much control they can program every intent into this technology so users can only just respond and be part of that design,” he explains at the 2025 Abu Dhabi Global AI Summit.