Chinese economic jitters
The Hang Seng Index, Hong Kong’s benchmark equity market index, dropped to a six-year low on Tuesday. Why are investors so worried? Here are three possible reasons.
First, China’s zero-COVID policy, a top geopolitical risk Eurasia Group has highlighted for clients, is causing severe economic damage. Hong Kong now has the world’s highest death rate per capita, due in part to low vaccination rates among the elderly. Over the weekend, the southern city and tech hub of Shenzhen was put into lockdown with plans to test its entire population of 17.5 million after 60 cases of omicron were detected there. Trouble is, lockdowns are bad for business. Apple supplier Foxconn, for example, was forced to suspend operations at its plant in Shenzhen, which is also home to prominent Chinese tech firms such as Huawei Technologies and Tencent Holding. If zero-COVID drags on, it’ll further disrupt production and create bottlenecks for global supply chains.
Second, the tech crackdown continues. Last year, the ruling Communist Party took aim at China’s tech titans, targeting them with huge fines and tough regulation for allegedly violating anti-monopoly legislation. Now, Tencent, which owns the immensely popular WeChat app, faces a record fine for breaching anti-money-laundering laws. The more uncertain the regulatory environment becomes, the less likely tech investors are going to want to continue pouring money into China.
Third, the looming sanctions threat. Hours before top US and Chinese officials met in Rome on Monday to discuss the war in Ukraine, the American media leaked that Russia had asked China for arms to fight the Ukrainians (and later that China was open to it). The Chinese have denied it, but it certainly looks like the Biden administration is sending a message to Xi Jinping: don’t you dare help the Russians, or else. That could mean slapping economic sanctions on China if it tries to lend Moscow covert support for the war in Ukraine, which would badly hurt the Chinese economy and likely result in a global recession. We’re not there (yet), but the chatter has spooked investors at the worst possible time for Xi, who later this year is expected to “run” for a norm-defying third term as China's president.
