Russia’s increasingly aggressive stance against Ukraine has again highlighted Europe’s reliance on Russian gas imports. But recent events have also revealed how much Russia’s economy depends on its European consumers. While a lot of Russian natural gas used to traverse Ukrainian territory on its way to the EU, the Center for Strategic and International Studies says that level was slashed by 70% between 1998 and 2021 as Moscow sought to increase its leverage over Kyiv. We take a look at some major pipeline import routes from Russia to the EU from 2015-2021.
